Q 
II 

C2 


UC-NRLF 


B    3    IDS    Ibb 


CONSTITUTION  AND  BY-LAWS 


California  Academy  of  Sciences 


FOUNDED  APRIL  4,  1853. 


SAN  FRANCISCO: 

;eo.  Si'aulding  &  Co.,  Printers,  414  Clay  Street. 

189  2. 


V' 


CONSTITUTION  AND  BY-LAWS 


California  Academy  of  Sciences 


FOUNDED  APRIL  4,  1853. 


"'■■^ 


SAN  FRANCISCO: 

Geo.  Spaulding  &  Co.,  Printers,  414  Clay  Street. 

18  0  2. 


C2. 


'C)fe'i^ci'bYs   of  tl^e  JLca^dem^^. 


18  9  2. 


President H.  W.  HARKNESS 

First  Vice-President H.  H.  BEHE 

Second  Vice-President J.  G.  COOPEPi 

C0RRESP0NDINC4    SECRETARY F.    GUTZKOW 

Recording  Secretary J.  R.  SCUPHAM 

Treasurer L.  H.  FOOTE 

Librarian CARLOS   TROVER 

Director  of   Museum J.  Z.  DAVIS 

TRUSTEES. 

W.  C.  BURNETT,  E.  J.  MOLERA, 

CHAS.  F.    CROCKER,  GEORGE  C.  PERKINS, 

D.  E.  HAYES,  ADOLPH  SUTRO, 

JOHN  TAYLOR. 


CONSTITUTION 

OF    THE 

CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF   SCIENCES. 

With  Amendmexts  to  January  1,   1892. 


AETICLE  I. 


NAME. 

Section  1.  This  Society  shall  be  kuown  as  the  California  Academy 
OF  Sciences. 

AETICLE  II. 

MEMBERS. 

Section  1.  The  Academy  shall  consist  of  resident,  life,  honorary,  and 
associate  members,  who  shall  be  elected  in  the  manner  hereinafter  pre- 
scribed. The  qualifications  for  resident  or  life  membership  shall  be  that 
the  applicants  are  professionally  engaged  in  scientific  work  or  have  by 
their  labor  contribiited  to  the  advancement  of  some  branch  of  science. 

Sec.  2.  Each  applicant  for  life,  resident  or  associate  membership,  must 
be  proposed  in  writing,  at  a  stated  meeting  of  the  Academy,  by  two  or  more 
resident  or  life  members;  and  the  name,  occupation,  and  residence  of  the 
applicant  thus  proposed  shall  be  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  the  Hall 
of  the  Academy  for  not  less  than  one  month  from  the  date  of  proposing. 
After  the  name  of  an  applicant  for  membership  has  been  so  proposed,  the 
Council  shall  at  its  next  regular  meeting  determine  by  ballot  the  eligi- 
bility of  the  person  proposed.  If  the  Council  shall  decide  that  the  person 
proposed  is  worthy  of  membership,  it  shall  so  report  to  the  next  stated 
meeting  of  the  Academy,  at  which  time  he  shall  be  balloted  for  by  the 
Academy. 

No  person  shall  be  elected  to  membership  in  the  Academy  during  the 
month  preceding  the  Annual  Electioia. 

Every  person  elected  to  membership  shall  pay  the  initiation  fee  and  the 
first  quarter's  dues  within  one  month  after  receiving  notice  of  his  election, 
and  shall  sign  the  Constitution. 

Sec.  3.  If  any  applicant  for  membership  has  not  been  reported  upon 
favorably  by  the  Council,  or  has  been  rejected  by  the  Academy,  his  name 
may  be  again  proposed  at  any  time  after  the  expiration  of  one  year  from 
the  date  of  his  rejection. 


710317 


4  CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 

Sec.  4.  Honorary  members  shall  be  elected  ouly  at  the  auuual  meet- 
ing, and  must  have  been  proposed  by  the  Council  not  less  than  two  months 
before  such  meeting,  and  the  names  of  the  candidates  posted  in  a  conspicu- 
ous place  in  the  Hall  of  the  Academy  for  that  time. 

Each  candidate  for  life,  resident,  honorary,  or  associate  membership 
must,  to  be  elected,  have  received  the  votes  of  at  least  four-fifths  of  the 
members  voting,  and  no  more  than  one  candidate  can  be  voted  for  at  one 
ballot.  No  election  shall  be  declared  xinless  twenty  votes  have  been  cast, 
and  in  such  case  the  ballot  shall  be  taken  at  the  next  stated  meeting. 

Sec.  5.  Any  resident  member  may  at  any  time  after  his  election  be- 
come a  life  member  by  paying  into  the  treasury  of  the  Academy  the  sum 
of  one  hundred  dollars,  and  notifying  the  Recording  Secretary  that  he  de- 
sires to  be  enrolled  as  a  life  member.  The  Council  shall  have  the  privi- 
lege of  nominating  for  election  for  life  membership  at  the  annual  election 
such  persons  as  have  rendered  valuable  services  to  the  Academy;  such 
elections  not  to  exceed  two  annually. 

Correspondents  of  the  Academy  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Council  for 
one  year,  and  shall  have  the  jjrivilege  of  attending  the  meetings  and  visit- 
ing the  library  and  museum,  and  of  reading  and  communicating  papers  to 
the  Academy. 

Sec.  6.  The  business  of  the  Academy  shall  be  managed  exchisively  by 
the  resident  and  life  members,  from  whom  the  officers  of  the  Academy 
shall  be  elected.  Honorary  and  associate  members  shall  have  all  the 
rights  and  privileges  of  the  Academy  except  that  of  voting. 

Sec.  7.  The  number  of  honorary  members  shall  not  exceed  fifty,  of 
which  thirty  shall  be  residents  and  citizens  of  the  United  States,  and 
twenty  of  foreign  countries. 

Sec.  8.  Any  member  may  be  expelled  from  the  Academy  for  cause,  and 
after  due  hearing,  by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  the  members  present  and  vot- 
ing. But  proceedings  for  such  expulsion  can  be  conducted  only  at  a 
stated  or  adjourned  meeting.  The  accused  shall  have  the  right  to  be 
present  at  trial,  but  must  withdraw  when  the  vote  for  exi^ulsion  is  or- 
dered. 

A  member  shall  not  be  exi^elled  unless  at  least  twenty  members  vote 
for  his  exi^ulsion. 

A  person  expelled  from  the  Academy  shall  forever  thereafter  be  ineligible 
for  membership. 

AETICLE  III. 

trustees. 

Section  1.  There  shall  be  elected  annually  seven  Trustees,  who  shall 
have  charge  and  management  of  the  estate  and  property  belonging  to  this 
Society,  and  shall  transact  all  affairs  relative  to  the  temjDoralities  thereof. 

Sec.  2.     Immediately  after  entering  upon  their  term  of  office,  the  Trus- 


CONSTITUTION.  O 

tees  shall  organize  by  selecting  one  of  their  number  as  President  of  the 
Board,  and  shall  appoint  a  Secretarj-  to  keep  the  record  of  their  proceed- 
ings and  perform  such  other  duties  as  they  may  require. 

Sec.  3.  The  Trustees  shall  have  power  to  adopt  such  By-Laws  and 
Eules  as  shall  not  be  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  Constitu- 
tion, for  the  management  and  regulation  of  the  affairs  and  property  in- 
trusted to  them  and  under  their  control;  the  times  and  manner  of  con- 
ducting their  meetings  and  of  transacting  business  thereat;  and  the  gov- 
ernment and  conduct  of  the  persons  appointed  by  them  to  fill  any  ofl&ce 
or  position.  They  shall  require  from  the  Treasurer,  Librarian,  and 
Director  of  the  Museum,  and  from  any  person  who  may  be  appointed  by 
them  to  any  position  of  trust,  such  bonds  as  in  their  opinion  shall  be  a 
security  to  the  Society  for  the  faithful  discharge  by  him  of  his  duties. 

Sec.  4.  The  Trustees  shall  select  some  bank  in  the  City  of  San  Fran- 
cisco as  a  depository  of  the  funds  of  the  Academy,  and  shall  cause  all 
moneys  received  by  them,  or  by  any  one  of  them,  to  be  deposited  in  such 
bank  in  the  name  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences.  The  bank  se- 
lected by  them  as  such  depository  may  be  changed  whenever  the  Trustees 
shall  deem  it  expedient.  No  moneys  shall  be  withdrawn  from  said  bank 
except  upon  the  written  order  and  direction  of  the  Trustees,  and  no  dis- 
bursement shall  be  made  except  upon  demands  that  have  been  properly 
audited  by  them,  and  for  which  their  warrant  shall  have  been  drawn, 
signed  by  the  President  and  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  and 
countersigned  by  the  Treasiirer  of  the  Academy.  They  shall  cause  suit- 
able books  of  accounts  to  be  kept,  which  shall  at  all  times  clearly  show  all 
their  transactions,  receipts  and  disbursements.  At  the  annual  meeting 
they  shall  present  to  the  Academy  a  detailed  statement  of  all  their  trans- 
actions, during  the  preceding  year,  together  with  vouchers  for  all  paj-- 
ments  made  by  them,  and  a  full  report  of  all  property,  real  and  personal, 
held  by  them,  and  of  the  condition  of  the  Corporation. 

Sec.  5.  Whenever  the  Trustees  shall  have  iu  their  hands  funds  that  in 
then-  opinion  are  not  needed  for  the  immediate  use  of  the  Academy,  they 
shall  have  the  power  to  loan  the  same  in  the  name  of  the  Corporation 
upon  such  terms  as  they  may  deem  advisable. 

No  loan,  however,  shall  be  made  except  the  same  shall  be  secured  by 
mortgage  of  unincumbered  real  estate  in  the  City  and  County  of  San 
Francisco,  the  value  of  which,  exclusive  of  all  improvements,  shall  in  the 
judgment  of  the  Trustees  be  twice  the  amount  of  the  loan;  or  by  a  pledge 
of  bonds  of  the  State  of  California,  or  of  the  City  and  County  of  San 
Francisco,  whose  par  value  shall  be  double  the  amount  of  the  loan. 

The  funds  of  the  Academy  shall  not  be  loaned  to  any  of  its  Trustees, 
nor  shall  any  loan  be  made  except  upon  the  vote  of  not  less  than  five  of 
the  Trustees,  entered  upon  the  record  of  their  proceedings,  and  specifying 
the  amount,  terms,   and  security,  and  the  person    to  whom    the  loan  is 


b  CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 

made.  If  any  loan  shall  be  made  contrary  to  the  provisions  of  this  sec- 
tion, the  Trustees  making  the  same  shall  be  individually  and  severally 
liable  to  the  Corporation  for  the  amount  so  loaned. 

Sec.  6.  The  Trustees  shall  have  power,  if  in  their  judgment  it  is  advis- 
able, to  invest  any  of  the  funds  of  the  Academy  not  needed  for  imme- 
diate use,  in  bonds  of  the  State  of  California,  or  of  the  City  and  County 
of  San  Francisco.  Such  investments,  however,  shall  be  made  only  by  the 
unanimous  vote  of  all  the  Trustees,  entered  upon  the  record  of  their  pro- 
ceedings, and  specifying  the  amount  and  character  of  the  investment. 

Sec.  7.  The  Trustees  shall  have  the  custody  of  the  corporate  seal  of 
the  Academy,  and  shall  affix  the  same  to  all  contracts  entered  into  by  them 
in  the  name  of  the  Corporation. 

ARTICLE  IV. 

OFFICERS. 

Section  1.  The  Officers  of  the  Academy  shall  be  a  President,  First  and 
Second  Vice-Presidents,  a  Corresponding  Secretary,  a  Recording  Secretary, 
a  Treasurer,  a  Librarian,  and  a  Director  of  the  Museum,  all  of  whom 
must  have  been  life  or  resident  members  for  three  years  previous  to  their 
election.  The  Officers  of  the  Academy  shall  constitute  a  Council  for  the 
transaction  of  such  business  as  may  be  assigned  to  it  by  the  Constitution 
and  the  Academy.  The  President  of  the  Academy  shall  be  Chairman  of 
the  Council.  Suri^lus  publications  and  exchanges  of  siiecimeus  shall  be 
under  the  control  of  the  Council. 

The  Council  and  Officers  and  Members  are  prohibited  from  incurring 
any  indebtedness  on  behalf  of  this  Society  unless  authorized  by  the 
Trustees. 

Sec.  2.  The  Trustees  and  Officers  of  the  Academy  shall  be  elected  by 
ballot  on  the  day  of  the  Annual  Meeting,  for  the  term  of  one  year.  Their 
term  of  office  shall  commence  on  the  third  Monday  in  January,  and  con- 
tinue until  their  successors  are  elected  and  qualified.  Before  the  stated 
meeting  of  the  Academy  on  the  first  Monday  of  December,  the  Council 
and  Triistees  shall  meet  jointly  to  select  a  Nominating  Committee  of  five 
persons  from  among  the  member-5  of  the  Academy  not  holding  office,  and 
this  Nominating  Committee  shall  ^jrepare  and  present  to  the  Academy,  on 
the  stated  meeting  of  the  third  Monday  in  December,  a  ticket  naming  one 
candidate  for  each  office  to  be  filled  for  the  ensuing  year,  and  thereupon 
this  ticket  shall  be  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  the  Hall  of  the 
Academy.  Other  tickets  may  be  presented,  and  other  candidates  may  be 
balloted  for  at  the  annual  election.  At  the  stated  meeting  on  the  third 
Monday  in  December,  the  Academy  shall  appoint  two  Inspectors  and  two 
Judges  of  Election,  who  shall  have  the  charge  of  the  ballot-box,  and  shall 
conduct  the  election  upon  the  day  of  the  annual  meeting.  The  ballot-box 
shall  be  kept  open  from  the  hour  of  nine  a.m.  to   six  p.  m.   to  receive  the 


CONSTITUTION.  / 

ballots  of  the  members  having  the  privilege  of  voting,  and  a  register  of 
those  who  vote  shall  be  preserved.  No  member  shall  vote  at  the  annual 
election  who  is  delinquent  in  the  payment  of  his  dues  for  any  portion  of 
the  preceding  year.  At  the  close  of  theelection  the  Judges  shall  announce 
the  number  of  ballots  cast  for  each  candidate;  and  the  candidate  who 
shall  receive  a  plurality  of  the  votes  cast  for  the  office  for  which  he  had 
been  nominated  shall  be  declared  duly  elected. 

Sec.  3.  The  President  of  the  Academy,  or  in  case  of  his  absence  or  in- 
ability to  serve,  the  First  Vice-President,  or  in  case  of  his  absence  or 
inability  to  serve,  the  Second  Vice-President,  shall  preside  at  the  meetings 
of  the  Academy.  The  President  shall  name  all  committees,  excepting 
such  as  are  otherwise  especially  provided  for,  and  shall  have  a  supervisory 
direction  of  the  other  officers  of  the  Academy.  At  the  Annual  Meeting 
he  shall  make  a  report  upon  the  condition  and  progress  of  the  Academj', 
and  shall  also  annoimce  the  deaths  of  members  that  have  taken  place 
during  the  year. 

Sec.  4.  The  Recording  Secretary  shall  keep  a  record  of  the  proceedings 
of  the  Academy;  shall  receive  and  refer  to  the  Publication  Committee  the 
papers  presented  for  publication;  shall  furnish  to  it  an  abstract  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  Academy,  and  shall  duly  engross  and  sign  the  minutes 
of  each  meeting  before  the  next  stated  meeting.  He  shall  give  suitable 
notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  all  meetings  of  the  Academy.  He  shall 
keep  a  duly  classified  list  of  the  members,  and  shall  attend  to  such  other 
business  in  his  department  as  the  Academy  or  President  may  direct.  He 
shall  notify  members  of  their  election,  and  furnish  them  with  diplomas. 

Sec.  5.  The  Corresponding  Secretary  shall  conduct  the  correspondence 
with  societies  and  individuals,  but  shall  submit  all  such  correspondence 
to  the  President  for  his  approval  and  signature.  He  shall  preserve  copies 
of  the  coiTCspondence,  which  shall  be  kept  in  the  Hall  of  the  Academy, 
and  shall  be  at  all  times  open  to  the  inspection  of  the  members  of  the 
Academy.  He  shall  distribute  the  publications  of  the  Academy  to  the 
members  and  to  the  societies  that  are  entitled  to  them. 

Sec.  6.  The  Treasurer  shall  receive  all  the  funds  of  the  Academy,  and 
shall  deposit  the  same,  in  the  name  of  the  California  Academj'  of  Sciences, 
in  such  bank  as  may  be  designated  by  the  Trustees,  and  shall  not  disburse 
any  fiinds  except  under  the  direction  of  the  Trustees.  He  shall  collect 
all  dues  from  members,  and  keep  books  showing  a  full  account  of  receipts 
and  disbursements.  He  shall  furnish  the  Trustees  and  the  Recording  Secre- 
tary, whenever  required,  a  list  of  members  entitled  to  vote.  He  shall  not 
enter  upon  the  duties  of  his  office  until  he  shall  have  given  such  bonds  as 
the  Trustees  may  require.  He  shall  be  subject  to  removal  by  the  Trustees 
for  cause. 

Sec.  7.  The  Librarian  shall  have  charge  of  the  library,  ami  shall 
enforce  such  rules  for  its  management  as  may  be  drawn  up  by  the  Council. 


8  CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 

He  shall  not  enter  upon  the  duties  of  his  office  until  he  shall  have  given 
such  bonds  as  the  Trustees  may  require,  and  shall  be  subject  to  removal 
by  them  for  caiase. 

Sec.  8.  The  Director  of  the  Museum  shall  have  the  general  care  and 
oversight  of  the  museum  and  scientific  collections  of  the  Academy, 
assisted  by  such  Curators  as  may  be  appointed  by  the  Council.  He  shall 
be  subject  to  such  rules  for  the  management  of  the  museum  and  scientific 
collections  as  may  be  i^rescribed  by  the  Council.  He  shall  not  enter  upon 
the  duties  of  his  office  until  he  shall  have  given  such  bonds  as  the  Trustees 
may  require,  and  shall  be  subject  to  removal  by  them  for  cause. 

Sec.  9.  All  Officers  shall  make  yearly  reports  to  the  Academy,  to  be 
presented  by  the  President  at  the  Annual  Meeting;  and  special  reports 
whenever  called  upon  by  the  Trustees  or  the  Academy. 

Sec.  10.  In  case  of  vacancy  in  the  office  of  Trustees,  the  remaining 
Trustees  shall  fill  such  vacancy.  In  case  of  vacancy  of  any  other  office, 
the  Council  shall  fill  such  vacancy.  The  person  selected  to  fill  any 
vacancy  shall  hold  the  office  until  the  third  Monday  in  January  thereafter. 

AETICLE   V. 

meeting.s. 
Section  1.  The  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Academy  shall  be  held  on  the 
first  Monday  in  January,  but  if  that  day  is  a  legal  holiday,  then  upon  the 
succeeding  Tuesday.  Stated  Meetings  shall  be  held  on  the  first  and  third 
Mondays  of  each  month.  Field  meetings  and  excursions  may  be  held  at 
such  times  and  places  as  the  Academy  may  direct.  The  date  of  the 
annual  election  and  meeting  shall  be  advertised  for  two  weeks  in  a  daily 
paper  published  in  San  Francisco.  The  Council  shall  meet  at  least  once  a 
month,  and  whenever  the  President  shall  call  it  together. 

Sec.  2.  Any  annual  or  stated  meeting  may  be  adjourned  from  time  to 
time  for  unfinished  business  only,  but  not  beyond  the  time  of  the  next 
stated  meeting. 

Sec.  3.  A  special  meeting  of  the  Academy  may  be  called  at  any  time  by 
the  President,  notice  of  which  shall  be  given  by  advertising  in  a  daily  paper 
published  in  San  Francisco,  and  be  posted  in  the  Hall  of  the  Academy. 
No  business  shall  be  transacted  at  a  special  meeting  except  that  specified 
in  the  call. 

AETICLE  yi. 

FEES   AND    DUES. 

Section  1.  Eesideut  and  associate  members  shall  pay  five  dollars  as  an 
initiation  fee,  and  three  dollars  per  quarter  in  advance.  The  payment  of 
the  quarterly  dues  of  the  Officers  shall  be  left  oi^tional  with  them. 


CONSTITUTION.  V 

Sec.  2.  Life  meinbers  shall  pay  the  sum  of  one  hmulred  dollars  in  full 
of  all  (lues  and  iuitiatiou  fees. 

SEf.  3.  Any  member  who  shall  be  in  arrears  for  more  than  six  months,  ■ 
shall  take  no  part  in  the  business  of  the  Academy;  and  the  names  of  those 
who  shall  be  one  year  in  arrears  shall  be  presented  to  the  Council  by  the 
Treasurer.  If  the  dues  of  any  member  who  is  delinquent  for  one  year 
.shall  not  be  paid  within  three  months  after  the  presentation  of  his  name 
to  the  Council,  his  name  shall  be  stricken  from  the  rolls.  A  person  thus 
dismissed  cannot  be  again  proposed  for  membership  until  arrearages  have 
been  paid,  nor  until  the  expiration  of  one  year  from  the  date  of  dismissal. 
A  person  who  shall  have  been  so  dismissed  a  second  time  shall  never_again 
be  eligible  to  membership. 

Skc.  4.  Members  who  may  remove  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty 
miles  from  San  Francisco  for  one  year  or  more,  may  continue  their  mem- 
bership by  the  payment  of  half  dues. 

Sec.  5.  The  Council  shall  be  empowered  to  exempt  {sub  silenfio)  a  mem- 
ber from  dues  when,  from  peculiar  circumstances,  they  may  deem  it  for  the 
interest  of  the  Academy. 

Sec.  6.  Any  resident  member  who  shall  have  paid  his  dues  continu- 
ously for  twenty  five  years,  shall  thereupon  become  a  life  member  without 
the  payment  of  further  dues. 

AKTICLE  YII. 

.SCIEXTIFIC    COMMUNICATIONS,    PUBLICATIONS,    AND    REPORTS. 

Section  1.  Communications  on  scientific  subjects  shall  be  read  at 
stated  meetings  of  the  Academy;  and  papers  by  any  member  may  be  read 
by  the  author  or  by  any  other  member.  If  any  paper  is  accepted  for  pub- 
lication, the  author  shall  be  entitled  to  fifty  printed  copies. 

Sec.  2.  By  a  vote  of  the  members  present,  any  member  of  the  Academy 
may  read  a  paper  from  a  person  who  is  not  a  member.  He  shall  not  be 
considered  responsible  for  the  facts  or  opinions  expressed  by  the  author, 
but  shall  be  held  responsible  for  the  propriety  of  the  paper.  Persons  who 
are  not  members  may  read  papers  upon  invitation  of  the  Academy. 

Sec.  3.  The  Committee  on  Publication  shall  direct  the  publications  of 
the  Academy  under  the  general  supervision  of  the  Council. 

Sec.  4.  Each  member  shall  be  entitled  to  receive,  free  of  cost,  one  copy 
of  all  publications  issued  by  the  Academy  during  the  time  of  his  member- 
ship. 

Sec.  5.  Medals  and  prizes  may  be  established,  and  the  means  of  bestow- 
ing them  accepted  by  the  Academy  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Coun- 
cil, by  whom  all  necessary  arrangements  for  their  establishment  and  award 
shall  be  made.  Bequests  and  trusts  having  for  their  object  the  advance- 
ment of  science,  may  be  accepted  by  the  Academy. 


10  CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 


ARTICLE  VIII. 

AMENDMENTS    AND    BY-LAWS. 

Section  1.  This  Constitution  may  be  amended  on  the  day  of  any 
anniial  election  of  the  Academy.  The  proposed  amendment  shall  be  sub- 
mitted in  writing  at  a  stated  meeting,  and  if  accepted  by  a  majority  of  the 
members  then  present,  shall  be  referred  to  the  Council,  who  shall  have 
power  to  amend  the  proposition,  and  shall  report  the  same,  as  amended  by 
them,  to  the  Academy.  The  report  of  the  Council,  or  if  no  report  be 
made  by  that  body  within  one  month  after  its  reference  to  them,  the 
original  proposition  shall  be  considered  by  the  Academy  at  a  stated  meet- 
ing, and  may  be  amended  at  such  meeting.  If  at  this  meeting  the 
proposition  be  adojDted  by  a  majority  of  the  members  then  present,  it  shall 
be  conspicuously  posted  in  the  Hall  of  the  Academy  from  the  time  of  such 
adoption  until  the  day  of  the  annual  election,  when  it  shall  be  voted  upon 
by  ballot  in  the  same  manner  as  the  Officers  of  the  Academy.  No  proposed 
amendment  shall  be  voted  upon  on  the  day  of  the  annual  election,  unless 
it  has  been  finally  adopted  at  a  stated  meeting,  and  posted  in  the  Hall  of 
the  Academy  at  least  two  months  before  such  annual  election. 

Sec.  2.  The  Academy  shall  have  the  power  to  adojit  By-Laws,  not 
inconsistent  with  this  Constitution,  for  the  conduct  of  its  meetings,  the 
government  of  its  officers,  and  management  of  its  affairs.  Such  By-Laws 
may  be  adopted  or  amended  at  any  stated  meeting  by  a  two-thirds  vote, 
provided  the  proposition  for  such  By-Laws  or  amendment  shall  have  been 
presented  at  a  previous  stated  meeting,  and  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place 
in  the  Hall  of  the  Academy  for  not  less  than  two  weeks;  but  no  by-law  or 
amendment  can  be  voted  upon  during  the  month  preceding  the  annual 
election. 

Sec.  3.  Nothing  in  this  Constitution  or  the  By-Laws  thereunder  shall 
affect  the  .status  of  the  present  Officers  and  Trustees  of  the  Academy  for  the 
term  for  which  they  have  been  elected,  nor  until  their  successors  have 
been  elected  and  qualified  hereunder. 


BY=LAWS 


CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES. 


ARTICLE  I. 


MEETINGS. 

Section  1 .  The  Stated  a,ud  Annual  Meetings  of  the  Academy  shall  be 
held  at  the  Hall  of  the  Academy,  and  the  hours  of  meeting  shall  be  as 
follows:  From  the  1st  of  September  to  the  1st  of  May,  at  half -past  seven 
in  the  evening;  and  during  the  remainder  of  the  year,  at  eight  o'clock. 

Sec.  2.  In  the  absence  of  any  officer,  a  member  shall  be  chosen  to  per- 
form his  duties  temporarily,  by  a  plurality  of  viva  voce  votes,  upon 
nomination. 

ARTICLE  II. 

RULES    or    ORDEK. 

Section  1.  The  parliamentary  rules,  as  adopted  and  practiced  in  de- 
liberative bodies  in  the  United  States,  shall  be  the  rules  of  order  in  the 
transaction  of  business  of  this  Academy,  except  so  far  as  these  are  modified 
by  the  Constitution  of  this  Academy. 

ARTICLE  III. 

ORDER    OF    BUSINESS. 

1.  Reading  of  the  Minutes  of  the  previous  meeting. 

2.  Election  and  reception  of  new  members. 
.3.     Propositions  for  membership. 

4.  Donations  to  the  cabinet. 

5.  Donations  to  the  library. 

6.  Written  communications. 

7.  Verbal  communications. 

S.  Reports  of  Standing  Committees. 

9.  Reports  of  Special  Committees. 

10.  Unfinished  Business. 

11.  Reports  of  Officers. 

12.  New  Business. 

13.  Adjournment. 


12  CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 

AETICLE  lY. 

MEMOIRS. 

Section  1.  The  Secretary  shall  receive  memoirs  at  any  time,  and  re- 
port the  date  of  their  reception  at  the  next  stated  meeting;  but  no  memoir 
shall  be  published  unless  it  has  been  read  before  the  Academy. 

Sec.  2.  Memoirs  shall  date  in  the  records  of  the  Academy  from  the 
date  of  their  presentation  to  the  Academy,  and  the  order  of  their  presen- 
tation shall  be  that  in  -which  they  were  registered,  unless  changed  by  con- 
sent of  the  author. 

Sec.  3.  Papers  from  persons  not  members,  read  before  the  Academy, 
and  intended  for  publication,  shall  be  referred  to  the  Council  at  the  meet- 
ing at  which  they  are  read.  The  Council  shall  report  thereon  to  the 
Academy  no  later  than  the  second  stated   meeting  from  the  date  of  refer- 


Sec.  4.  All  discussions  upon  the  claims  and  c^ualifications  of  nominees, 
before  the  Council,  shall  be  held  strictly  confidential;  and  remarks  and 
criticisms  then  made  shall  not  be  communicated  to  any  person  who  was 
not  a  member  of  the  Academy  at  the  time  of  discussion. 

AETICLE   Y. 

COMPLAINTS    AXD    TRIALS. 

Section  1 .  Any  complaint  against  a  member,  or  any  charge  for  which 
his  expulsion  is  demanded,  shall  be  in  writing,  signed  by  the  member  mak- 
ing the  chai-ge,  and  presented  to  the  Council. 

If  the  Council  shall  deem  the  matter  worthy  of  iuYestigation,  they  shall 
furnish  the  accused  with  a  copy  of  the  charge,  together  with  a  notice  that 
the  same  will  be  presented  to  the  Academy  for  investigation. 

The  notice  shall  specify  the  time  at  which  the  charge  will  be  presented 
to  the  Academy,  and,  together  with  the  copy  of  the  charge,  shall  be  served 
upon  the  accused  at  least  one  week  before  the  time  therein  specified  for 
presentation. 

At  the  stated  meeting  specified  in  the  notice,  the  Council  shall  present 
the  matter  to  the  Academy,  and  thereupon  the  Academy  shall  fix  a  time 
for  trial,  which  time  shall  be  either  at  a  stated  meeting  or  at  an  adjourned 
stated  meeting. 

The  accused  shall  have  the  privilege  of  appearing  at  the  trial  with 
counsel,  and  of  offering  witnesses  in  his  behalf,  but  shall  not  be  present 
at  the  discussion  or  vote  of  the  Academy  upon  the  matter. 


BY-LAWS.  13- 

SECTIONS. 
The  following  Preamble  and  Kesohition,  with  reference  to  "  Sections  " 
in  the  Academy,  were  adopted  at  the  regular  meeting,  held  January  17th, 
1876: 

Whekkas,  In  many  Scientific  Societies,  experience  has  proven  that  the 
objects  for  which  such  societies  were  founded  and  organized,  namely,  the 
advancement  of  Science  and  the  diffusion  of  Knowledge,  have  been  pro- 
moted by  the  formation  of  Sections  for  the  pursuance  of  special  studies 
and  investigations,  and  as  it  is  believed  by  many  of  the  members,  that  the 
formation  of  Sections  inside  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  will  in- 
crease the  usefulness  of  this  Academy,  and  many  of  its  members  desire  to 
form  such  Sections,  it  is  hereby 

Be^olved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Academy  that  the  objects  for  which 
it  was  founded  will  be  advanced  by  the  formation  of  Sections,  which  may 
include  such  members  of  the  Academy  as  are  pursuing  special  departments 
of  scientific  investigation  and  study,  and  as  many  members  have  ex- 
pressed a  desire  to  form  Sections  in  order  to  facilitate  such  investigations 
and  studies,  it  is  hereby  provided  that  Sections  may  be  formed,  and  in  the 
following  manner,  and  under  the  restrictions  herein  contained: 

Whenever  not  less  than  five  members  of  the  Academy  shall  unite  to 
form  a  Section  they  shall  have  the  right  to  do  so,  but  shall  first  submit 
to  the  Council  of  the  Academy  a  written  communication,  signed  by  the 
members  who  propose  to  form  such  Section,  stating  the  department  of 
Science,  or  the  character  of  the  investigation  or  study  which  it  is  in- 
tended the  Section  shall  pursue;  but  no  Section  shall  be  considered  as 
formed  or  be  recognized  by  the  Academy,  until  due  notification  thereof, 
which  shall  be  made  to  the  Academy  by  the  President  or  the  Kecording 
Secretary,  or,  in  the  absence  of  said  officers,  some  other  member  of  the 
Council,  at  the  first  regular  meeting  of  the  Academy  after  or  following 
the  receipt  of  the  communication  from  the  members  proposing  to  form 
such  Section.  And  upon  and  after  such  notice  at  a  regular  meeting  as 
above,  such  Section  shall  be  considered  as  established,  and  a  written 
notice  of  the  same  shall  be  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  the  hall  of 
the  Academy,  and  the  members  of  the  latter  shall  have  the  right  to  attend 
the  meetings  of  the  Section  so  formed.  Persons  not  members  of  the 
Academy  shall  not  be  members  of  any  Section.  Sections  formed  as  above 
may  make  such  by-laws  as  are  deemed  necessary,  and  the  members  thereof 
shall  have  the  i^ower  to  manage  the  affairs  of  the  Section  to  which  they 
belong,  and  only  the  members  of  a  Section  shall  have  the  right  to  vote 
upon  matters  pertaining  to  the  Section  to  which  they  belong — Provided, 
however,  that  no  by-law  or  regulation  made  by  any  Section  shall  conflict 
with  the  Constitution  or  By-Laws  of  the  Academy. 

If  at  any  time  it  shall  be  found  that  the  action  of  any  Section  is  detri-' 
mental  to  the  interests  or  objects  of  the  Academy,  or  that  any  Section, 
through  the  apathy  or  dissensions  of  its  members,   shall   cease   to  pursue' 


14  CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 

or  carry  out  the  objects  for  which  it  was  formed,  or  for  any  other  good 
and  sufficient  cause— then  the  Academy  may  suspend  or  abolish  such 
Section  by  a  two-thirds  vote  of  the  members  present  at  any  regular  meet- 
ing, and  any  Section  so  suspended  or  abolished  shall  not  be  continued  or 
restored  except  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Covmcil  at  a  regular 
meeting  of  the  Academy,  and  by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  the  members 
present. 

Any  and  all  property  acquired  by  any  Section  shall  be  the  property  of 
the  Academy,  but  may  be  segregated  and  kept  apart  from  the  general 
property  of  the  Academy,  for  the  special  use  of  the  members  of  the  Sec- 
tion to  which  it  belongs,  so  long  as  such  Section  may  exist,  but  upon  the 
dissolution  or  abolishment  of  any  Section,  then  the  same  shall  be  merged 
in  the  general  property  of  the  Academy. 

A  notice  of  the  meeting  of  any  Section  shall  be  posted  in  a  conspicu- 
ous place  in  the  Hall  of  the  Academy,  or  anounced  at  any  regular  meeting 
of  the  latter,  but  no  meetings  of  any  Section  shall  be  held  during  the 
hours  or  period  of  any  meeting  of  the  Academy,  but  at  such  other  times 
as  may  be  found  convenient  to  the  Sections,  and  may  be  held  in  such 
rooms  in  the  building  of  the  Academy  as  may  be  available. 


BY-LAWS  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES 

OF    THK 

CALIFOENIA    ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES. 


OFFICERS. 

1.  The  officers  of  the  Board  shall  consist  of  a  President,  a  President 
pro  tern.,  and  a  Secretary,  all  of  whom  shall  be  elected  by  ballot,  and  hold 
their  positions  respectively  during  the  pleasure  of  the  Board. 

PRESIDENT. 

2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  President  to  preside  at  all  meetings  of 
the  Board;  to  call  special  meetings  when  deemed  desirable,  as  hereinafter 
provided;  to  sign  all  warrants  or  checks  on  such  bank  as  may  be  selected 
as  the  depository  of  the  funds  of  the  Academy. 

He  shall  be  ex-officio  custodian  of  the  seal  of  the  Academy,  and  of  all 
valuable  papers  and  documents,  except  those  placed  in  charge  of  the  Sec- 
retary, as  hereinafter  provided.  He  shall  also  have  a  general  supervision 
over  the  business  and  affiiirs  of  the  Academy. 

PRESIDENT    PRO    TEM . 

3.  In  the  absence  of  the  President,  the  President  pro  t<:ni.  shall  preside 
at  all  meetings  of  the  Board,  and  shall  at  such  meetings  perform  all  duties 
prescribed  for  the  President  in  the  foregoing  Article.  In  case  of  absence 
of  both  the  President  and  President  pro  tern,  at  any  meeting  of  the 
Board,  a  temporary  chairman  may  be  elected  by  vote,  who  shall  act  as 
temporary  chairman  and  presiding  officer  of  that  meeting. 

SECRETARY. 

4.  The  duties  of  the  Secretary  shall  be  to  keep  a  full  and  accurate  rec- 
ord of  all  the  meetings  of  the  Board;  he  shall  sign,  in  connection  with 
the  President  of  the  Board  and  Treasurer  of  the  Academy,  all  warrants 
drawn  upon  the  bank;  he  shall  be  ex-ojficio  custodian  of  the  warrant-book, 
and  shall  preserve  all  bills,  vouchers,  correspondence,  and  other  papers  not 
in  the  custody  of  the  President.  He  shall  also  perform  such  other  duties 
as  properly  belong  to  the  office  of  Secretary,  and  shall  receive  such  com- 
pensation for  his  services  as  may  be  determined  by  the  Board. 

COMMITTEES. 

5.  There  shall  be  the  following  Committees: 

A  Prudential  Committee,  an  Auditing  Committee,  and  a  Financial  Com- 


16  CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 

mittee.  At  the  permanent  organization  of  the  Board,  these  Committees 
shall  be  appointed  by  the  President,  or  in  case  of  his  absence,  by  the 
Board. 

The  Prudential  Committee  shall  attend  to  all  that  relates  to  the  special 
care  and  preservation  of  the  property  of  the  Academy,  of  whatsoever 
nature— whether  real  or  personal.  It  shall  also  be  the  Building  Commit- 
tee, and  shall  supervise  the  erection  of  all  buildings,  as  well  as  of  all  im- 
provements that  may  be  ordered. 

The  Auditing  Committee  shall  examine  all  bills,  and  shall  allow  or  dis- 
allow the  same;  and  no  bills  shall  be  considered  by  them  without  an 
approval,  in  writing,  of  the  correctness  of  the  same  by  the  person  or  per- 
sons by  whom  the  expenditure  was  incurred. 

They  shall  also  keep  a  register,  in  such  form  as  shall  be  prescribed  by 
the  Board,  in  which  shall  be  entered  a  brief  minute  of  the  bills  as  received. 
No  bill  shall  be  considered  by  the  Board  until  after  it  has  been  audited, 
which  shall  require  the  signatures  of  any  two  members  of  this  Committee. 

The  Finance  Committee  shall  have  referred  to  t>heni  all  questions  relat- 
ing to  the  loaning  or  investment  of  the  funds  of  the  Academy,  and  the 
security  therefor. 

MEETINGS. 

6.  Eegular  meetings  of  the  Board  shall  be  held  on  the  first  and  third 
Mondays  of  each  and  every  month,  at  1  p.  m. 

Special  meetings  of  the  Board  may  be  called  at  any  time,  by  the  Presi- 
dent or  by  the  Secretary,  upon  the  written  request  of  any  three  members 
of  the  Board. 

Personal  notice  of  special  meetings  shall  be  given  by  the  Secretary  to 
each  member  of  the  Board  in  the  city,  and  notice  by  mail  to  those  residing 
ing  out  of  the  city,  in  which  shall  be  stated  the  object  for  which  the 
meeting  is  called. 

Notice  of  regular  meetings  shall  be  given  by  mail  to  the  members. 

ORDER   OF  PROCEEDINGS. 

Reading  minutes  of  preceding  meeting. 

Report  of  Standing  Committees. 

Report  of  Special  Committees. 

Messages  or  Reports  from  the  Council. 

Miscellaneous  Business. 
These  By-Laws  may  be  amended  at  any  regular  meeting  of  the  Board 
by  a  vote  of  five  members  in  favor  of  such  amendment;  provided,   notice 
of  such  proposed  amendment  shall  have  been  presented,  in  writing,  at  the 
previous  regular  meeting. 


List  ok  ]V1en4bers. 


LIFE    MEMHEKS. 


Aldrich.  William  A. 
Allen,  Edgar  L. 
Alvord,  William 
*Andros,  Milton 
Arents,   Albert 
Attwood,  Melville 

Baggett,  William  T. 

Barstow,  Alfred 
*Beaver,  George  W\ 

Behr,  Hans  C. 
'Behr,  H.  Herman 

Belcher,  William  C. 

Beldiug,  Lyman 

Bentley,  W.  E. 

Bermingham,  John 
'Bolauder,  Henry  N. 
'^Bosqui,  Edvrard 

Bowen,  E.  J. 
*Boyd,  James  T. 
'Boyd,  John  F. 
-^Bradford,  C.  H. 
*Braudegee,  Mary  K. 
*Braudegee,  Townshend  S. 
'Breretou.  Robert  M. 

Brewer,  B.  B. 
'Britton,  Joseph 

Brooks,  Elisha 

Brown,  Arthiir 

Brown,  Charlotte  B. 

Brown,  Thomas 

Bryant,  Walter  E. 

Bnckmister,  P.  S. 
'Bull,  Alphens,  Jr. 

Bunnell,  James  S. 

Burckhalter,  Charles 
^Burnett,  Wellington  C. 

Burr,  Ephriam  W. 


'Cahn,  David 

Campbell,  Douglas  H. 

Campbell,  Eliza  C. 

Capp,  Charles  S. 
'Castle,  Frederick  L. 

Caswell,  T.  H. 
'Cebrian,  John  C. 
*Chapman,  William  S. 

Christy,  Samuel  B. 

Clark,  Carlton  H. 

Clark,  Edward  S. 

Cluness,  W.  R. 

Cohn,   Edwai'd 

Coleman,  James  V. 
'Coleman,  William  T. 
*Colton,  Ellen  M. 
^Cooper,  J.  G. 

Crocker,  Charles  F. 

Curry,  John 

*Dall,  William  H. 
*Davidson,  George 

Davis,  Horace 
*Davis,  Jacob  Z. 
*Deaue,  Walter  E. 

De  Fremery,  James 
*Dennis,  Samuel  W. 

De  Vecchi,  Paolo 

Dewey,  Alfred  T. 
*Doe,  John  S. 

Dolbeer,  John 
'Donohoe,  Joseph  A. 

Douty,  Frank  S. 

*Eastland,  Joseph  G. 
*Edmonds,  Mary  E. 

Edwards,  George  C. 

Ehrhorn.  Edward 


18 


CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 


Eigenmanu,  Carl  H. 

Eigenmanu,  Eosa  S. 
"Eisen,  Giistav 

Eldridge,  Oliver 
^Eloesser,  Leo 

Evans,  John  T. 
"Eyre,  Edward  E. 

*Fair,  James  G. 
Falkenan,  Louis 
Foote,  Lucins  H. 

*Forbes,  Stanly 

"Fry,  John  D. 
Fuchs,  Charles 


Hittell,  Elise  C. 

Hittell,  Theodore  H. 

Hoffman,  Carl  von 
*Holden,  Edward  S. 
^Holladay,  Samuel  W. 

Hooker,  Charles  G. 

*  Hooper,  William  B. 
Hojikins,  Frederick  V 

'Hopkins,  Timothy 
Houghton,  John  F. 
Huerue,  Prosper 

*  Jones,  John  P. 
Jordan,  David  S. 


"Gansl,  Albert 
*Garnett,  Louis  A. 
*Gerstle,   Louis 
*Gibbes,  Charles  D. 
^Gibbons,  Henry,  Jr. 

Gibbons,  William  P. 

Gilbert,  Charles  H. 
*Goodall,  Charles 
*Graut,  Joseph  D. 
*Gray,  George  E. 
*Greene,  Edward  L. 

Gunn,  James  O'B. 
*Gutzkow,  Frederick 

'Hale,  Joseph  P. 

Hallidie.  A.  S. 
^Harford,  William  G.  W. 
"Harkness,  Harvey  W. 
*Harmon,  Albion  K.  P. 
*Harris,  Albert  H. 
*  Harrison,  Kalph  C. 
*Hartshorne,  Benjamin  M. 
'' Hastings,  Charles  F.  Dio 
""Hastings,  S.  Clinton 

Hawxhurst,  Kobert 
""Hayes,  Daniel  E. 
*Head,  Addison  E. 
*Hendrie,  J.  W. 

Hewston,  John,  Jr. 
""Hickox,  George  C. 
*Hill,  Horace  L. 


Keeler,  Charles  A. 

Kelley,  James  M. 
*Keyes,  Winfield  Scott 

King,  James  L. 

Koebig,  Julius 
^Kohl,    William 

Lansing,  Gerrit  L. 
"*Le  Conte,  Joseph 
""Lent,  William  M. 

Lindgren,    Waldemar 
""Locan,  Frank 
""Lorquiu,  Ernest  F. 

Lorquin,  Henry  F. 

""Madden.  Thos.  P. 
""Manning,  Alfred  W. 
""Marye,  George  T.,  Jr. 
Mathews,  Henry  E. 
"McCreery,  Andrew  B. 
""McDonald,  James  M. 
*McDonald,  Mark  L. 
""McDonald,  Eichard  H. 

*  Meyer,  William 
""Mills,  Darius  O. 

*  Mills,  Edgar 
Mills,  James  E. 

""Molera,  Eusebius  J. 

Montague,  Wilfred  W. 

Moore,  George  A. 
*Moore,  Horace  H. 


LIST    OF    MEMHEKf 


19 


*More,  Alexander  P. 
Monser,  Silas  M. 
Myers,  Wancn  F. 

Nash,  H.  C. 
Nelson,  Charles 
"Niebaum,  Gustave 
Nolte,  William  F. 
Norris,  William 

*Oulton,  George 

*Palache,  Gilbert 
*Parrott,  Tiburcio 
*Payot,  Henry 

Pendleton,  B.  H. 
*Perkins,  George  C. 
"Peseia,  Joseph 
*  Pierce,  A. 

Pillsbury,  Evans  S. 
*Prescott,  George  W. 
*Price,  Thomas 

Price,  William  W. 

Rattan,  Voluey 

Redding,  J.  D. 
*Requa,  Isaac  L. 
*Rey,  Jacques  J. 

Reynolds,  George  P. 

Richter,  C.  Max 

Ritter,  William  E. 

Rivers,  J.  J. 

Rixford,  Gnlian  P. 
*Robinson,  Lester  L. 
"Rose,  Andrew  W. 

Sanders,  George  H. 

Sanderson,  George  H. 
"Schussler,  Herman 
*Scott,  Henry  T. 
"^Scott,  Irving  M. 

Scupham,  John  R. 

Selfridge,  J.  M. 
*Shaw,  W.  J. 
*Sloss,  Louis 
*Smiley,  George  W. 
*Smith,  Quintius  C. 


Smith,  William  F. 

Smyth,  W.  H. 

Sonne,  C.  F. 

Sonntag,  Henry  A. 
"Spanldiug,  George 

Spaulding,  Nathan  W. 
*Stauford,  Gertrude 
*Stanford,  Josiah  W. 
*Stanford,  Leland 

Stanton,  Josiah  R. 

Staples,  David  J. 
*Stearns,  Robert  E.  C. 

Steele,  Edward  L.  G. 

Sternberg,  George  M. 

Stevenson,  Robert 

Stewart,  G.  W. 
*Stout,  Arthur  B. 

Stretch,  Richard  H. 
*Sutro,  Adolph 

Swain,  Joseph 

Swan,  Benjamin  R. 

Tallant,  N.  W. 

Taylor,  John 
*Teschemacher,  Henry  F. 

Thayer,  Ignatius  E. 
*Troyer,  Carlos 

Twiggs,  John  W. 

Vaslit,  Frank  H. 
Vasht,  Sarah  E. 

Waizman,  Max 

Wanzer,  Lucy  M.  F. 

Ward,  Henry  A. 

Wenzell,  William  T. 

Whitelaw,  Thomas  P.  H. 
^Whiting,  Dwight 

Wilder,  A.  D. 
*Wilmerding,  J.  Clute 
*  Wilson,  Samuel  M. 
*Wood,  William  S. 

Woodworth,  W.  McM. 

Wooster,  David 

*Yale,  Charles  G. 


20 


CALIFORNIA    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCES. 


HONORARY    IV[E:VIBERS. 


Agassiz,  Alexander 
Allen,  J.  A. 

Brewer,  W.  H. 
Brooks,  W.  K. 
Bnnsen,  Eobert 

Chaper,  Manrice 
Cope,  E.  D. 
Cory,  Charles  B. 
Cones,  Elliott 
Crepin,  Francois 
Cresson,  E.  T. 
Crocker,  E.  B.  Mrs. 

Dana,  J.  D. 

Danielssen,  D.  C. 

De  Candolle,  Alphonse 

Farlow,  W.  G. 

Goodale,  George  L. 
Goode,  G.  Brown 

Hector,  James 
Helmholz,  H.  L.  F. 
Hooker,  Sir  Joseph  D. 
Horn.  George  H. 


Huxley,  Thomas  H. 

Langley,  S.  P. 
Lefevre,  Theodore 
Lovering,  Joseph 

Medlicott,  H.  B. 
Mueller,  Baron  Ferd.  von 

Packard,  A.  S. 
Philippi,  Rudolph 
Powell,  J.  W. 

Kegel,  E.  A. 
Riley,  C.  V. 

Saccardo,  P.  A. 
Sars,   G.  O. 
Saussure,  Henri  de 
Solms-Laubach,  Herman  Graf  zu 
Stoll,  Otto 
Storer,  D.  H. 

V  err  ill,  A.  E. 

Walker,  Francis  A. 
Whitney,  J.  D. 
Watson.  Sereno 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 


AN  INITIAL  FINE  OF  25  CENTS 

WILL  BE  ASSESSED   FOR   FAILURE  TO   RETURN 
THIS   BOOK   ON   THE   DATE   DUE.    THE   PENALTY 
WILL  INCREASE  TO  50  CENTS  ON  THE  FOURTH 
DAY    AND    TO    $1.00     ON    THE    SEVENTH     DAY 
OVERDUE. 

MAR     'K]m 

i/.;;i^'50.. 

LD  21-100m-7,'40  (6936s) 

Vl3i7 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  UBRARY 


^^^' 


